Texts used to back the call for SUBMISSION

  • 621 (?) or 1500 B.C. approx.: Territorial claims of Israelite/Jewish reign, relations with other people. 1. Torah, Scriptures; 2. Talmud; 3. Cabala / Kabbalah. 
   18. That day God made a covenant with Abram, saying: To thy seed will I give this land, from the river of Egypt even to the great river Euphrates.  [[On modern maps the Euphrates flows from Turkey through Syria and Iraq]] – Judaism's Hebrew Torah, Genesis 15:18 (Bible, Douay-Rheims translation, Roman Catholic, O.T. 1609)  [[Similar in Deuteronomy 11:24.  However, other scriptures detail a much smaller area.]]
   2. And Israel vowed a vow unto the LORD, and said, If thou wilt indeed deliver this people into my hand, then I will utterly destroy their cities.  3. And the LORD hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and he called the name of the place Hormah. - Hebrew Torah, Numbers 21:2-3 (Authorised Version = AV = King James' Version, reformed scholars, 1611)
   Today I will begin making thy name a name of terror, so that every nation on earth, hearing it, shall be overcome with fear, … - Deuteronomy 2:25 (Ronald Knox Version (R.C.), 1949)
   6 And we utterly destroyed them, as we did to Sehon the king of Heshbon, destroying every city, men, women and children … - Deuteronomy 3:6 (Revised Standard Version = RSV, © 1952)
   … the Hittites, the Girgashites, the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, … 2 and when the LORD your God has delivered them over to you … then you must destroy them totally. - Hebrew Torah, Deuteronomy 7:1-2. (New International Version ® =NIV, © 1973, 1978, 1984; Internet GNB.)
   24 All the ground that you march over will be yours.  Your territory will extend from the desert in the south to the Lebanon Mountains in the north, and from the River Euphrates in the east to the Mediterranean Sea in the west.   25  … the LORD your God shall lay the fear of you and the dread of you upon all the land that ye shall tread upon … - Hebrew Torah, Deuteronomy 11:24-25 (Good News Bible = GNB, © 1976, and Authorised Version; Internet link is the AV: <http://­www.­biblegateway.com/­cgi-bin/bible?pas­sage=DEUT%2­B11%3A24-25&sho­wfn=on&showxref=­on&language­=eng­lish&version=KJV&x=15&y=4>)  [[Similar in Genesis 15:18]]
   16 … you must not preserve any breathing thing alive, 17  because you should without fail devote them to destruction, the Hittites and the Amorites, the Canaanites and the Perizzites, the Hivites and the Jebusites, just as Jehovah your God has commanded you - Hebrew Torah, Deuteronomy 20:16-17.  (New World Translation = NWT, literalist translators, 1984 revision)
   20 For Yahweh [the Lord] had decided … these men … come under the curse of destruction and so receive no quarter but be exterminated, as Yahweh had ordered Moses. - Hebrew Scripture, Joshua 11:20. (New Jerusalem Bible = NJB (R.C.), © 1985)
   6 Adoni-Bezek fled, but they chased him and caught him, and cut off his thumbs and big toes. - Judges 1:6 (NIV, © 1984.)  [[(Found by KJJM in NJB, 25 May 2006.)  See "hands and feet" in Hebrew scripture 2 Samuel 4:12; and later variant, "hands and feet on opposite sides" in Muslim Koran 5:33, and cutting off "every fingertip" as well as heads, in Islam's Koran 8:12 <http://­www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/­quran/8/inde­x.htm#12 >]]
   45 He [Abimelech] and his troops fought in Shechem all day, until they had killed everyone in town.  Then he and his men tore down the houses and buildings and scattered salt everywhere. - Hebrew Scripture, Judges 9:45.  (Displayed wording is from Contemporary English Version (= CEV), The Bible for Today, © American Bible Society 1991, 1995; Internet link to New International Version (NIV))
   3. Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and spare them not; but slay both man and woman, infant and suckling, ox and sheep, camel and ass. - Hebrew Scripture, 1 Samuel 15:3 (Authorised Version); 1 Kings 15:3 in R.C. Douay Bible.
   12 So David gave an order to his men, and they killed them.  They cut off their hands and feet and hung the bodies by the pool in Hebron. … - 2 Samuel 4:12. (NIV, © 1984; 2 Kings 4:12 in R.C. Douay Bible.) [["Hands and feet" variant in Muslim scripture, Koran 5:33, <http://­www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/­quran/5/inde­x.htm#33>]]
   16 … This is what the LORD says, … 18 … he will also give you victory over the Moabites.  19  You will conquer all their beautiful fortified cities; you will cut down all their fruit-trees, stop all their springs, and ruin all their fertile fields by covering them with stones. … - Hebrew Scripture, 2 Kings 3:16, 18, 19 (Good News Bible © 1976 / Internet AV). (4 Kings 3:16, 18 in R.C. Douay version.)  [["Trees:" Muslim practice, see Bukhari's 3, 39:519]]
   12 In Thy covenant love mayest Thou silence my foes and destroy all those who oppress my soul, for I am Thy servant. - Hebrew Scripture, Psalm 143:12 / 142:12 (Revised Berkeley Version, © 1945 / Internet NASB)
   6 … you shall lend to many nations, but you shall not borrow ; and you shall rule over many nations, but they shall not rule over you. - Hebrew, Deuteronomy 15:6 (Revised Standard Version = RSV  © 1952 / Internet Douay)
   But if any harm follow, then thou shalt give life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, burning for burning, wound for wound, stripe for stripe. - Hebrew Torah, Exodus 21:23-25 at http://­www.­mechon-mamre.org/­p/pt/pt­0221.htm (A Hebrew-English Bible, According to the Masoretic Text and the JPS 1917 Edition) [[See also Leviticus 24:19-20 and Deuteronomy 19:21]] [[See Islamic successor doctrine Koran 5:45 / 49]]




 • 610 A.D. onwards. From Arabia: 1. Koran / Qur’an, Muslim / Islamic / Mohammedan scripture; 2. Hadith traditions, also called Sunnah; 3. Sira (life of Mohammed); 4. Shariah Law. 
• 1. Islam's scripture The Koran, also spelled "Quran" and "Qu'rān" and otherwise.  Said to have been originated by Mohammed, born approx. 570 A.D., named Halabid, son of 'Abdullah Ibn 'Abdul Muttalib, of the Banu Hashim clan of the Quraysh, i.e., Koreish, his mother being Amina, of the family of Zuhra, also of the Koreish tribe.  It is said that the Koran was announced from approximately 610 to 632 AD.
   "… Fight the unbelievers until no other religion except Islam is left. (Muslim Koran / Quran 2.193, on the Internet at <http://­www.­skepticsannotatedbible.com/­quran/2/inde­x.htm#193>)
   "I shall strike terror into the hearts of the infidels.  Strike off their heads, strike off the very tips of their fingers!" (8:12, on the World Wide Web at <http://­www.submission.org/suras/sur­a8.html#12>)
   "The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His apostle and strive to make mischief in the land is only this, that they should be murdered or crucified or their hands and their feet should be cut off on opposite sides …" (5:33).  [["Hands, feet":  See predecessor text in Hebrew scripture, 2 Samuel 4:12.  See also "tips of their fingers" in Muslim Koran 8:12.]]
   "As for the disbelievers, for them garments of fire shall be cut and there shall be poured over their heads boiling water" (22:19). [[Would this verse authorise bombings, which presumably ignite garments ?]]
   "… good women are therefore obedient, … and (as to) those on whose part you fear desertion, admonish them, and leave them alone in the sleeping-places and beat them …" (4:34, <http://­www.skepticsan­notatedbible.com/­quran/4/inde­x.htm#34>)  - The Koran, J.M.Rodwell translation, 2001, Phoenix Press, London. Library Shelf Number: Dewey 297.1225.  [[Also check N.J.Dawood's translation, 2003, Penguin Australia, Camberwell (Victoria, Australia).]]
• [5:45 or 5:49] And we decreed for them in it that: the life for the life, the eye for the eye, the nose for the nose, the ear for the ear, the tooth for the tooth, and an equivalent injury for any injury.  If one forfeits what is due to him as a charity, it will atone for his sins.  Those who do not rule in accordance with GOD's revelations are the unjust. - The Koran, (5:45) . See Quran: The Final Testament, <http://­www.submission.org/­suras/sura5.ht­ml#45>, translated by Dr. Rashad Khalifa, Universal Unity; 3rd Revision edition (January 1, 2001), obtainable at Amazon Books. "The Table," i.e. 5, verse 49 in Rodwell's translation. [[See predecessor teaching in Hebrew scriptures, Exodus 21:23-25, Leviticus 24:19-20, and Deuteronomy 19:21.]]

• The penalty for leaving the Muslim religion.  Any Muslim who leaves the religion is subject to the death penalty, according to the traditions. - see The Penalties for Apostasy in Islam, by 'Abdurrahmani'l-Djaziri; According to the Four Schools of Islamic Law; From 'Abdurrahmani'l-Djaziri's Kitabul'l-fiqh 'ala'l-madhahibi'l-'arba'a (Vol. 5, pp. 422-440) (Translated from the Arabic); First Arabic Edition (Cairo) 1934; Eighth Arabic Edition (Cairo) 1987; First English Edition (Villach, Austria) 1997; reproduced on the Light of Life website, <www.light-of-life.com/eng/ilaw>, <response § light-of-life com>. Last modified: Apr 28, 1997, first published 1934.  [To this website ~ 2005]
• Garments of Fire for Disbelievers; Strike off the Heads of the Disbelievers; Crucify them.  Ali Sina disputes the claims that Islam is a religion of peace. <http://main.faithfreedom.org/Articles/sina/prologue.htm>
  Quran [the Koran] tells Muslims to kill the disbelievers wherever they find them (Q. 2:191, <http://­www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/­quran/2/inde­x.htm#191>), to murder them and treat them harshly (Q. 9:123), slay them  (Q. 9:5), fight with them, (Q. 8:65 ) even if they are Christians and Jews, humiliate them and impose on them a penalty tax (Q. 9:29). 
   Quran takes away the freedom of belief from all humanity and tells clearly that no other religion except Islam is accepted (Q. 3: 85).  It relegates those who disbelieve in Quran to hell  (Q.  5:10), calls them najis (filthy, untouchable, impure) (Q. 9:28).  It orders its followers to fight the unbelievers until no other religion except Islam is left (Q. 2:193).  It says that the non-believers will go to hell and will drink boiling water (Q. 14:17).  It asks the Muslims to slay or crucify or cut the hands and feet of the unbelievers, that they be expelled from the land with disgrace and that "they shall have a great punishment in world hereafter" (Q.5:33).
   "As for the disbelievers", it says that "for them garments of fire shall be cut and there shall be poured over their heads boiling water whereby whatever is in their bowels and skin shall be dissolved and they will be punished with hooked iron rods" [sic] (Q. 22:19).  Quran prohibits a Muslim to befriend a non-believer even if that non-believer is his father or brother (Q. 9:23), (Q. 3:28).
   Quran asks the Muslims to "strive against the unbelievers with great endeavour (Q. 25:52), be stern with them because they belong to hell (Q. 66:9).  The holy Prophet demanded his followers to "strike off the heads of the disbelievers"; then after making a "wide slaughter among them, carefully tie up the remaining captives." (Q. 47:4).
  As for women the book of Allah (4:34) says that they are inferior to men and their husbands have the right to scourge them if they are found disobedient (Q. 4:34).  It teaches that women will go to hell if they are disobedient to their husbands (Q. 66:10).  It maintains that men have an advantage over the women (Q. 2:228).  It not only denies the women's equal right to their inheritance (Q. 4:11-12), it also regards them as imbeciles and decrees that their witness is not admissible in the court (Q. 2:282). [[NOTE: No.  It declares that two sensible women's witnessing a debt contract can substitute for one man of the two-man rule. - Webmaster, 16 Oct, 2005]]  
  This means that a woman who is raped cannot accuse her rapist unless she can produce a male witness.  [[No, 4 male Muslim witnesses - Webmaster Mar 14, 07]]  Muhammad allowed the Muslims to marry up to four wives and gave them license to sleep with their slave maids and as many "captive" women as they may have (Q. 4:3 <http://­www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/­quran/4/inde­x.htm#3>).  He himself did just that.  This is why any time a Muslim army subdues another nation, they call them kafir and allow themselves to rape their women.  Pakistani soldiers raped up to 250,000 Bangali women in 1971 after they massacred 3,000,000 unarmed civilians when their religious leader decreed that Bangladeshis are unislamic.  This is why the prison guards in [the] Islamic regime of Iran rape the women and then kill them after calling them apostates and the enemies of Allah. - Faith Freedom International, Prologue, <http://­main.faithfreedom.org/­Articles/sina/p­rologue.htm>, to this website 28 Oct 2002
• The Noble Koran in three translations USED TO BE EASILY ACCESSIBLE FOR SOME YEARS (but stopped on or before September 19, 2011) at <http://­www.usc.edu/­dept/MSA/quran>, but seems to work using this URL: <http://­www.cmje.org/­religious-tex­ts/quran/ver­ses/019-qmt.php#019.042>.
   Compare also with <http://­quod.lib.umich.edu/­k/koran/brow­se.html>, <http://­etext.lib.virginia.edu/­koran.html>, and <http://­looklex.com/­textarchive/­koran/003.htm>
   (What we might call "chapters" are properly named sūrahs, also printed surahs; each has a title (some with rival titles) - not used much on this webpage - in Arabic, and there are English translated titles.  The numbering of āyas or ayas ("verses") differs between various books. Listed the first one on this website on 28 Oct 2002.)
 2. Hadith, also called Sunnah:  Sahih Bukhari is one of the collections of sayings and deeds of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)*, also known as the sunnah.  The reports of the Prophet's sayings and deeds are called ahadith.  Bukhari lived a couple of centuries after the Prophet's death and worked extremely hard to collect his ahadith.  Each report in his collection was checked for compatibility with the Qur'an, and the veracity of the chain of reporters had to be painstakingly established.  Bukhari's collection is recognized by the overwhelming majority of the Muslim world to be one of the most authentic collections of the Sunnah of the Prophet (pbuh) .  There are other collections held in good regard.
____________________
* "pbuh" means "peace be upon him," regularly used in Islamic writings when mentioning Muhammad.
Hadith / Sunnah: Sahih Bukhari's, Volume 1, Book 9, Number 473: Narrated Ibn 'Umar: Whenever Allah's Apostle came out on 'Id day, he used to order that a Harba (a short spear) to be planted in front of him (as a Sutra for his prayer) and then he used to pray facing it with the people behind him and used to do the same while on a journey.  After the Prophet, this practice was adopted by the Muslim rulers (who followed his traditions). www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/bukhari/009.sbt.html#001.009.473 .
• Volume 2, Book 19, Number 173: … Later on, I saw him killed as a non-believer. www.usc.edu/ dept/MSA/ fundamentals/ hadithsunnah/ bukhari/019. sbt.html #002.019.173 .
• Volume 3, Book 39, Number 519: Narrated 'Abdullah: The Prophet got the date palm trees of the tribe of Bani-An-Nadir burnt and the trees cut down at a place called Al-Buwaira.  Hassan bin Thabit said in a poetic verse: "The chiefs of Bani Lu'ai found it easy to watch fire spreading at Al-Buwaira." - Sunnah, Translation of Sahih Bukhari, Book 39: Agriculture, Translator M. Muhsin Khan, www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/ha­dit­hsunnah/bukh­ari/039.sbt.html#00­3.039.519 . [[Emphasis added.  "Trees" destroyed, see predecessor text in He­brew Scripture, 2 Kings 3:16, 18, 19. <www.biblegateway.com/cgi-bin/bible?language=english&ve­rsion=KJ21&pa­ssage=2K­ings+3%3­A+16-25&x=13&y=6>]]
• Volume 3, Book 39, Number 531: Narrated Ibn 'Umar: Umar expelled the Jews and the Christians from Hijaz.  When Allah's Apostle had conquered Khaibar, he wanted to expel the Jews from it as its land became the property of Allah, His Apostle, and the Muslims.  Allah's Apostle intended to expel the Jews but they requested him to let them stay there on the condition that they would do the labor and get half of the fruits.  Allah's Apostle told them, "We will let you stay on thus condition, as long as we wish."  So, they (i.e. Jews) kept on living there until 'Umar forced them to go towards Taima' and Ariha'.  www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/f­undamentals/hadithsunnah/bukhari/039.sbt.­html#003.039.531 . [Emphasis added.]
• For illegal sexual intercourse, stone the woman to death, and give the man 100 lashes: 008.082.815
• Volume 9, Book 84, Number 57: "Whoever changed his Islamic religion, then kill him."  www.­usc.edu/­dept/­MSA/ fundamentals/hadithsunnah/bukhari/084.sbt.html#009.084.057
• Regarding a Jew who had become a Muslim, then returned to Judaism:  "Mu'adh said, I will not sit down till he has been killed. … and he was killed."  009.084.058
• 9, 84. 64: Narrated 'Ali:  Whenever I tell you a narration from Allah's Apostle, by Allah, I would rather fall down from the sky than ascribe a false statement to him, but if I tell you something between me and you (not a Hadith) then it was indeed a trick (i.e., I may say things just to cheat my enemy).  No doubt I heard Allah's Apostle saying, "During the last days there will appear some young foolish people who will say the best words but their faith will not go beyond their throats (i.e. they will have no faith) and will go out from (leave) their religion as an arrow goes out of the game.  So, where-ever you find them, kill them, for who-ever kills them shall have reward on the Day of Resurrection."  009.084.064
• 9, 84. 68: Narrated Yusair bin 'Amr:  I asked Sahl bin Hunaif, "Did you hear the Prophet saying anything about Al-Khawarij?"  He said, "I heard him saying while pointing his hand towards Iraq. "There will appear in it (i.e, Iraq) some people who will recite the Quran but it will not go beyond their throats, and they will go out from (leave) Islam as an arrow darts through the game's body.' " 009.084.068
• 9, 84. 70: Narrated 'Abdullah:  When the Verse:- 'Those who believe and did not confuse their belief with wrong (worshipping others besides Allah)' (6.82) was revealed, it was hard on the companions of the Prophet and they said, "Who among us has not wronged (oppressed) himself?"  Allah's Apostle said, "The meaning of the Verse is not as you think, but it is as Luqman said to his son, 'O my son! Join not in worship others with Allah, Verily!  Joining others in worship with Allah is a great wrong indeed'." (31.13) 009.084.070
• 9, 86. 98: Narrated Abu Huraira:  The Prophet said, "A virgin should not be married till she is asked for her consent; and the matron should not be married till she is asked whether she agrees to marry or not."  It was asked, "O Allah's Apostle! How will she (the virgin) express her consent?"  He said, "By keeping silent."  Some people said, "If a virgin is not asked for her consent and she is not married, and then a man, by playing a trick presents two false witnesses that he has married her with her consent and the judge confirms his marriage as a true one, and the husband knows that the witnesses were false ones, then there is no harm for him to consummate his marriage with her and the marriage is regarded as valid."  009.086.098
   [[COMMENT: Aren't some of the words where bolding has been added a licence to forcibly have sex with the female, who has not agreed to the "marriage"?  Don't traditional Westerners call that "rape"?  Why can't Western politicians see that this gives licence to Muslim families to arrange forced marriages?  When are feminists going to insist that immigrants and others swear that they will not practice forced marriages, and forswear "honour killing" of resistant daughters?]]
• 9, 87. 128: Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Umar:  Allah's Apostle said, "I saw myself (in a dream) near the Ka'ba last night, and I saw a man with whitish red complexion, the best you may see amongst men of that complexion having long hair reaching his earlobes which was the best hair of its sort, and he had combed his hair and water was dropping from it, and he was performing the Tawaf around the Ka'ba while he was leaning on two men or on the shoulders of two men.  I asked, 'Who is this man?'  Somebody replied, '(He is) Messiah, son of Mary.'  Then I saw another man with very curly hair, blind in the right eye which looked like a protruding out grape.  I asked, 'Who is this?' Somebody replied, '(He is) Messiah, Ad-Dajjal.'"  009.087.128
   Translation of Malik's Muwatta, Book 21: Jihad:- www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/m­uwa­tta/021.mmt.html
   Regarding the Hadiths, also read the "Introduction to Translation of Sahih Bukhari," www.usc.edu/dep­t/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/bukhari/084.sbt.html , Translator: M. Muhsin Khan. [Emphasis added.]
 • More from the Koran / Qur’an
   3:64 - Say: "O People of the Book! come to common terms as between us and you: That we worship none but Allah; that we associate no partners with him; that we erect not, from among ourselves, Lords and patrons other than Allah."  If then they turn back, say ye: "Bear witness that we (at least) are Muslims (bowing to Allah's Will).  www.usc.edu/ dept/MSA/quran/ 003.qmt.html #003.064
   3:73 - "And believe no one unless he follows your religion."  Say: "True guidance is the Guidance of Allah: (Fear ye) Lest a revelation be sent to someone (else) Like unto that which was sent unto you? or that those (Receiving such revelation) should engage you in argument before your Lord?"  Say: "All bounties are in the hand of Allah: He granteth them to whom He pleaseth: And Allah careth for all, and He knoweth all things."  www.usc.edu/ dept/MSA/quran/ 003.qmt.html #003.073
   3:80 - Nor would he instruct you to take angels and prophets for Lords and patrons.  What! would he bid you to unbelief after ye have bowed your will (To Allah in Islam)?  www.usc.edu/ dept/MSA/quran/ 003.qmt.html #003.080
   3:118 - O ye who believe! Take not into your intimacy those outside your ranks: They will not fail to corrupt you.  They only desire your ruin: Rank hatred has already appeared from their mouths: What their hearts conceal is far worse.  We have made plain to you the Signs, if ye have wisdom.  www.usc.edu/ dept/MSA/quran/ 003.qmt.html #003.118
   5:109-10:- When He shall say: O Jesus! Son of Mary! call to mind my favour upon thee and upon thy mother, and when I strengthened thee with the Holy Spirit that shouldest speak to men alike in the cradle and when grown up; - 110 And when I taught thee the Scripture, and Wisdom, and the Evangel: and thou didst create of clay, as it were, the figure of a bird, by my leave, and didst breathe into it, and by my leave it became a bird; …   [[Re the baby Jesus speaking in the cradle, see apocryphal book 1 Infancy 1:2-3.  Re the child Jesus and the clay bird, compare with 2 Infancy 1:4-9 (Thomas's Gospel).]]
   5:116:- And when God shall say- 'O Jesus, son of Mary: hast thou said unto mankind - "Take me and my mother as two Gods, beside God?" ' He shall say - 'Glory be unto Thee! it is not for me to say that which I know to be not the truth; had I said that, verily thou wouldest have known it. …
   9:80 - Whether thou ask for their forgiveness, or not, (their sin is unforgivable): if thou ask seventy times for their forgiveness, Allah will not forgive them: because they have rejected Allah and His Messenger: and Allah guideth not those who are perversely rebellious. www.usc.edu/ dept/MSA/quran/ 009.qmt.html #009.080 .
   19:88-93 - They say: "(Allah) Most Gracious has begotten a son!"  Indeed ye have put forth a thing most monstrous!  At it the skies are ready to burst, the earth to split asunder, and the mountains to fall down in utter ruin, That they should invoke a son for (Allah) Most Gracious.  For it is not consonant with the majesty of (Allah) Most Gracious that He should beget a son.  Not one of the beings in the heavens and the earth but must come to (Allah) Most Gracious as a servant.  [Yusufali's translation] www.usc.edu/ dept/MSA/quran/ 019.qmt.html #019.088
   33:1 - O Prophet! Keep thy duty to Allah and obey not the disbelievers and the hypocrites.  Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise.  www.usc.edu/ dept/MSA/quran/ 033.qmt.html #033.001

• [Koran, the last period]

 
   New Advent, The Catholic Encyclopedia, Part of "Koran," www.newadvent. org/cathen/ 08692a.htm , (to Internet 2003) 1910
   Last Period (suras revealed at Medina)
   This period includes the following suras:
  • Sura 98: on good and bad Jews and Christians.
  • Sura 2, the longest in the Koran, is called the "Sura of the Cow" from the red heifer described in verse 67 as having been sacrificed by the Israelites at the direction of Moses. It is a collection of passages on various subjects, delivered during the first two or three years after the Flight. The greater portion relates to the Jews, who are sometimes exhorted and sometimes reprobated. Biblical and rabbinical stories abound. This sura contains the order to change the Qibla (or direction at prayer) a denunciation of the disaffected, citizens of Medina, injunctions to fight, permission to bear arms in the sacred months and much matter of a legislative character promulgated on first reaching Medina, with passages of a later date interpolated.
  • Sura 3 belongs partly to the time immediately after the Battle of Behr. The Jews are referred to in terms of hostility. The interview with Christian deputation from Najran (verses 57-63) is of a later date. Passages pertaining to the farewell pilgrimage are introduced with other (probably) earlier texts on the rites of pilgrimage.
  • Sura 8 contains instructions on the division of spoil at Bedr. Some parts are in the old Meccan style and the Koreish are frequently referred to. In sura 47 war and slaughter are enjoined, and idolaters of Mecca threatened. In sura 62 the Jews are denounced for their ignorance; the Friday service is to take precedence of secular engagements. In sura 5 the Jews are reviled; the doctrines of the Christians are controverted; it contains also civil ordinances and miscellaneous instructions.
  • Sura 59, on the siege and expulsion of the Banu Nadhir.
  • Sura 4 entitled "Women", from the large portion devoted to the treatment of wives and relation of sexes. There are also ordinances on the law of inheritance and general precepts, social and political. Idolatrous Meccans are to be shunned, and there are animadversions against the Jews. The "disaffected" are blamed for taking the part of the Jews.
  • Sura 65: on divorce and kindred subjects, with some religious observations.
  • Sura 63: menaces against 'Abdallah ibn Obey for his treasonable language on the expedition against the Banu Mustalick.
  • Sura 24: vindication of 'Ayisha, with the law of evidence for conjugal unfaithfulness, and miscellaneous precepts.
  • Sura 33, composed of portions covering the year A. H. 5. The marriage of the Prophet with Zeinab, wife of his adopted son, is sanctioned. There are various passages on the conjugal relations of Mohammed, the siege of Medina, and the fall of the Banu Qoreitza.
  • Sura 57: injunctions to fight and contribute towards the expenses of war. The disaffected are warned. Christians are mentioned in kindly terms.
  • Sura 61: on war; speedy victory is promised. - The remaining suras belong exclusively to the last five years of the Prophet's life.
  • Sura 48 refers to the truce of Hodeibia, and the prospect of victory and spoil to be obtained elsewhere.
  • Sura 60: on the treatment of the women who, after the truce, came over from Mecca; idolaters of Mecca to be shunned.
  • Sura 66: on the affair of Mohammed and the Coptic maid.
  • Sura 49: blaming the profession of the Bedouin Arabs as insincere, chiding the deputation which called out rudely at Mohammed's door, and exhorting believers against distrust and uncharitableness among themselves.
  • Sura 9 treats of the campaign to Tebuk (A. H.. 9). It opens with the "release" promulgated at the pilgrimage of the same year and declares the antagonism of Islam to all other religions. All but Muslims are excluded from Mecca and the rites of pilgrimage. Idolaters are threatened with slaughter and slavery. War is declared against Jews and Christians until they are humbled and pay tribute. This sura is called "the crusade chapter", and in the early campaigns was often read on the field before battle.
    GABRIEL OUSSANI
    Transcribed by Joseph P. Thomas
    The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume VIII
    Copyright © 1910 by Robert Appleton Company
    Online Edition Copyright © 2003 by K. Knight
    Nihil Obstat, October 1, 1910. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., Censor
    Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York
    [FOOTNOTE: It's strange that the bishops at the Roman Catholic Church's 2nd Vatican Council in the 1960s reversed centuries-old doctrines as if they and their advisers had not read the above RC encyclopaedia!  One cardinal did ask that one of the other faiths repudiate its attacks on Christianity, but his objection was disregarded.  However, it is recorded in a footnote in one of the translations.] [1910 originally]
     3. Sira (life of Mohammed). 
       Until better Links are found, try http://personal pages.tds.net/ ~theseeker/ Mohammed.htm
       Another website includes this:  His earliest and chief biographers are Ibn Ishaq (A.H. 151=A.D. 768), Wakidi (207=822), Ibn Hisham (213=828), Ibn Sa'd (230=845), Tirmidhi (279=892), Tabari (310-929), the "Lives of the Companions of Mohammed", the numerous Koranic commentators [especially Tabari, quoted above, Zamakhshari 538=1144), and Baidawi (691=1292)], the "Musnad", or collection of traditions of Ahmad ibn Hanbal (241=855), the collections of Bokhari (256=870), the "Isabah", or "Dictionary of Persons who knew Mohammed", by Ibn Hajar, etc. - New Advent www.newadvent. org/cathen/104 24a.htm
     4. Shariah Law. 
       Part Four:  The judgements concerning those who think the Prophet imperfect or curse him
       Section One: The Judgement of the Shari'a regarding someone who curses or disparages the Prophet
       Know that all who curse Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, or blame him or attribute imperfection to him in his person, his lineage, his deen or any of his qualities, or alludes to that or its like by any means whatsoever, whether in the form of a curse or contempt or belittling him or detracting from him or finding fault with him or maligning him, the judgement regarding such a person is the same as the judgement against anyone who curses him.  He is killed as we shall make clear.  This judgement extends to anything which amounts to a curse or disparagement.  We have no hesitation concerning this matter, be it a clear statement or allusion.
       The same applies to anyone who curses him, invokes against him, desires to harm him, ascribes to him what does not befit his position or jokes about his mighty affair with foolish talk, satire, disliked words or lies, or reviles him because of any affliction or trial which happened to him or disparages him, because of any of the permissible and well-known human events which happened to him.  All of this is the consensus of the 'ulama' and the imams of fatwa from the time of the Companions until today. […] http://­www.­masud.co.uk/­ISLAM/m­isc/als­hifa/pt­4ch1sec­1.htm
       Hadith: 9, 84:57:- "Whoever changed his Islamic religion, then kill him."
       9, 84:58:- Regarding a Jew who had become a Muslim, then returned to Judaism: "Mu'adh said, I will not sit down till he has been killed. … and he was killed.
      Other writings (to be sorted later). 
       [***] We have already mentioned the consensus.  As for the traditions, al-Husayn ibn 'Ali related from his father that the Messenger of Allah said in respect of this matter, "Whoever curses a Prophet, kill him.  Whoever curses my Companions, beat him." [7]
       In a sound hadith the Prophet commanded that Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf be killed.  He asked, "Who will deal with Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf? He has harmed Allah and His Messenger."  He sent someone to assassinate him without calling him to Islam, in distinction to other idol-worshippers.  The cause of that lay in his causing harm to the Prophet.  That indicates that the Prophet had him killed for something other than idol-worship.  It was for causing harm.  Abu Rafi,' who used to harm the Messenger of Allah and work against him, was also killed.
       Similarly on the Day of the Conquest, he ordered the killing of Ibn Khatal and his two slavegirls who used to sing his curses on the Prophet.
       In another hadith about a man who used to curse the Prophet, the Prophet said, "Who will save me from my enemy?"  Khalid said, "I will," so the Prophet sent him out and he killed him.
       Similarly the Prophet commanded that a group of unbelievers who used to injure and curse him, like an-Nadr ibn al-Harith and 'Uqba ibn Abi Mu'ayt, be killed.  He promised that a group of them would be killed before and after the conquest.  They were all killed except for those who hurried to become Muslim before they were overpowered.  Al-Bazzar related from Ibn 'Abbas that 'Uqba ibn Abi Mu'ayt cried out, "O company of Quraysh, why is it that I alone among you am to be killed without war?"  The Prophet said, "For your disbelief and your forging lies against the Messenger of Allah."
       'Abdu'r-Razzaq mentioned that a man cursed the Prophet, causing the Prophet to say, "Who will save me from my enemy?"  Az-Zubayr said, "I will." He sent az-Zubayr and he killed him.
       It is related that a woman used to curse the Prophet and he said, "Who will save me from my enemy?"  Khalid ibn al-Walid went out and killed her.
       It is related that a man forged lies against the Prophet and he sent 'Ali and az-Zubayr to kill him.
       Ibn Qani' related that a man came to the Prophet and said, "Messenger of Allah, I heard my father say something ugly about you, so I killed him," and that did not distress the Prophet.
       Al-Mujahir ibn Abi Umayya, the Amir of Yemen, reported to Abu Bakr that a woman there in the time of the Ridda [8] chanted curses against the Prophet, so he cut off her hand and pulled out her front teeth.  When Abu Bakr heard that, he said to him, "If you had not done what you already did, I would have commanded you to kill her because the hadd regarding the Prophet is not like the hadd regarding others."
       Ibn 'Abbas said that a woman from Khatma [9] satirised the Prophet and the Prophet said, "Who will deal with her for me?"  A man from her people said, "I will, Messenger of Allah."  The man got up and went and killed her.  He told the Prophet who said, "Two goats will not lock horns over her."  [10]
       Ibn 'Abbas said that a blind man had an umm walad  who used to curse the Prophet.  He scolded her and restrained her, but she would not be restrained.  That night she began to attack and revile the Prophet, so he killed her.  He told the Prophet about that and he said he had shed her blood with impunity.  [11]
       In the hadithof Abu Barza as-Aslami it says, "One day I was sitting with Abu Bakr as-Siddiq and he became angry at one of the Muslim men."  Qadi Isma'il and other Imams said that the man had cursed Abu Bakr.  An-Nasa'i related it as, "I came to Abu Bakr and a man had been rude and answered him back.  I said, 'Khalif of Allah, let me strike off his head!'  He said, 'Sit down.  That is not for anyone except the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.'
       Qadi Abu Muhammad ibn Nasr said, "No one disagreed with him."  So the Imams take this, as a proof that anyone who does anything that might anger, harm or curse the Prophet in any way should be killed.
       There is also the letter of 'Umar ibn 'Abdu'l-'Aziz to his governor in Kufa.  He had asked his advice about killing a man who had cursed 'Umar.  'Umar wrote back to him, "It is not lawful to kill a Muslim for cursing anyone except the Messenger of Allah.  Whoever curses him, his blood is lawful."
       Harun ar-Rashid asked Malik about a man who had reviled the Prophet and he mentioned to him that the fuqaha' of Iraq had given a fatwa that he be flogged.  Malik became angry and said, "Amir al-Mu'minin!  There is no continuation for a community after it curses its Prophet!  Whoever curses the Companions of the Prophet is to be flogged."
       I do not know which of those Iraqi fuqaha'  gave Harun ar-Rashid that fatwa.  We have already mentioned that the school of the people of Iraq [12] is that he be killed.  Perhaps they were among those who were not known for knowledge or those whose fatwas  were unreliable or idiosyncratic, or it is possible that what the man said was not taken to be a curse and there was a dispute as to whether or not it was a curse or he had retracted it and repented of it.  None of these things were mentioned to Malik at all.  However, the consensus is that anyone who curses him is to be killed as we have already stated.
       That he is to be killed  can be deduced by reflection and consideration.  Anyone who curses or disparages the Prophet has shown clear symptoms of the sickness of his heart and proof of his real convictions and belief.  That is why most of the 'ulama' judge him to be an apostate.  This is what is transmitted by the people of Syria from Malik, al-Awza'i, ath-Thawri, Abu Hanifa and the people of Kufa.
       The other position is that it is not a proof of disbelief, and so the person in question is killed by the hadd-punishment but he is not adjudged to be an unbeliever unless he persists in his words, not denying them nor refraining from them.  To be judged an unbeliever, his statement must either be a clear statement of disbelief, like calling the Prophet a liar, or originate from mocking words and censure.  His open avowal of what he said and lack of repentance for it is an indication that he finds it lawful and this constitutes disbelief, so there is no disagreement that he is an unbeliever.  Allah says about people like this, "They swear by Allah that they did not speak.  They said the words of disbelief.  They disbelieved after their Islam." (9:76) [or 9:74] [[NOTE that the last sentence, ending with "after their Islam," is an example of "Islam" meaning "submission."]]
       The commentators said that this refers to the statement, "If what is said by Muhammad is true, [13] we are worse than monkeys."
       It is said that it refers to what one of them [14] said, "Our likeness with respect to that of Muhammad is only as the words of the one who says, 'Feed your dog and it will devour you.'  When we return to Madina, the mighty will drive out the weaker."
       It is said that even if the one who says this conceals it, the same judgement applies to him as to the heretic and he is killed because he has changed his deen.  The Prophet said, "Strike off the heads of all who change their deen."
       Because upholding the Prophet's honour is an obligation owed by his entire community and anyone who curses a free man of his community is given a hadd-punishment, the punishment of someone who curses the Prophet is that he is to be is killed because of the immensity of the worth of the Prophet and his elevation over others. - www.masud.co. uk/ISLAM/misc/ alshifa/ pt4ch1sec2.htm
       [SOURCE: The MASUD website from which this is taken is devoted to encouraging an increase in Sunni Islamic awareness.  Its website is coded as being in once-great Britain. (Found and inserted July 20, 2007.)]
    • The word "Islam" as used in the Koran …, the holy scripture of Islam, means surrender to the will of God, and the term "Muslim", one who surrenders to the will of God, is used to designate a follower of Islam. - Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia, 1979, Funk & Wagnalls, New York, Vol 13, p 463
    • Answering Islam: To further investigate, browse at http://answering- islam.org.uk
    The Koran / Qu'ran LINKS give you a choice of translations at one viewing.  The Bible gateways used for the Judaic/Israelite scripture LINKS have a wide choice of Bible versions.  I have used a Jewish internet link for one quotation.  The meaning comes through just the same.
       REGARDING JUDAIC SCRIPTURE.  The reason for quoting from several translations of the Judaic and Israelite Bible is that some Judaists, Christians, and others might say "Those are terrible quotations.  Are they in the real Bible?" (Possibly meaning the translation that they believe is correct!)  Sad to say, each quotation in the Judaic/Israelite scripture has been checked with various translations, and if any doubtful rendition occurs, a variant may be shown.
       GENERATION after GENERATION:  In several instances the year of publication of a translation is shown.  Students ought to remember that the Douay and King James Bibles around the early 1600s followed several previous translations into English, that the pre-Reformation authorities usually suppressed with fire and executions.  But before that, in the West Latin, and in the East Greek, was the language of the Bible, so the meaning was known to those fortunate enough to have learnt those languages.
       In the second half of the 1900s there was a spate of new translations into English.  But although the wickedness exemplified by the 1st and 2nd World Wars ought to have caused religious people to abhor persecutions and genocide, literate religious Judaists and Christians continued, just as their predecessors had done, for generation after generation, to keep reverencing these scriptures, calling them "holy".  They had a more than reasonable chance to abhor the inhumane commands – supposedly ordered by Elohim / El Shaddai / YHVH / Yehovah / Jehovah / Yahweh / the Lord God – in the translations of the scriptures used by their religions.  In other words, the Jewish and Christian religious leaders and followers cannot avoid their responsibility for teaching children and credulous adults that such cruelty and injustices were ordered by Heaven. 
       MUSLIM TEXTS: People who follow Islam, too, cannot pretend that the bloodthirsty, warlike and illogical, anti-women, anti-Jewish, anti-Christian contradictory commands in its scripture, traditions, biography of Mohammed, and the shariah law, have come down from "Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful" in Heaven.
       BOTH GROUPS of believers, then, are the dupes of those who mislead them in their worship.  In a sense, they also are victims.
       PUBLIC LIBRARIES, CHURCHES, and INTERNET:  These books are usually available from the public libraries.  If you have no public library near you, to check Hebrew scripture translations try a church or secondhand shop, and/or visit other websites linked above, or visit http://rockhay.tripod.com/ worship/translat.htm .  For Jewish people's translations visit http://bible. ort.org/books/ pentd2.asp , and for a Hebrew-English version try http://www. mechon-mamre. org/p/pt/pt0. htm .
       The Muslim / Islamic Koran / Quran is available in reputable translations in bookshops these days in reasonably-priced editions.
       Check elsewhere on this Website for inhumane sections of the Hebrew texts and the Muslim/Islamic texts, as well as objectionable and doubtful sections of the Christian texts.
    • Internet tools: Bible Gateway www.biblegateway.com . Bible Crosswalk http://bible.crosswalk.com .
     • More from Israel / Judah scriptures 
       • Mark, then, what I command you today.  I am going to drive out the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites before you. - Hebrew Torah, Exodus 34: 11 (New Jerusalem Bible (R.C.) © 1985)
       • Take care you make no pact with the inhabitants of the country you are about to enter,  . . . 15 Make no pact with the inhabitants of the country … - Hebrew Torah, Exodus, 34: 12 and 15 (NJB)
       • But ye shall destroy their altars, break their images, and cut down their groves. - Exodus 34:13 (AV)
       • If a man injures his neighbor, just as he has done, so it shall be done to him:  fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth; just as he has injured a man, so it shall be inflicted on him. - Hebrew Torah, Leviticus 24:19-20 (New American Standard translation)
       • "Nothing, however, that someone vows unconditionally to Yahweh may be redeemed, … 29 A human being vowed unconditionally cannot be redeemed but will be put to death. …" 34 Such were the orders which Yahweh gave Moses on Mount Sinai for the Israelites.
       (Israelite Torah, Leviticus 27: 28, 29, 34, New Jerusalem Bible, R.C., p. 121) (By courtesy of KJJM, Dec 27, 2005.  An example of a daughter, because of a vow by her father Jephthah, being killed as a burnt offering is recorded in the Hebrew scriptures, Judges 11:30-31, 34, and 39.)
       • And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying :
    2  Revenge first the children of Israel on the Midianites : … […]
    7  And when they had fought against the Midianites and had overcome them, they slew all the men. […]
    9  And they took their women, and their children captives, and all their cattle, and all their goods : …
    10  And all their cities, and their villages, and castles, they burned. […]
    14  And Moses …
    15  Said : […]
    17  Therefore kill all that are of the male sex, even of the children : and put to death the women that have carnally known man.
    18  But the girls, and all the women that are virgins, save for yourselves. - Hebrew Torah, Numbers 31:1-18 (Douay 1609) [Emphasis added.]
       [COMMENT: To get the full flavour of this, turn back to Exodus 3:1: "Moses was looking after the flock of his father-in-law Jethro, the priest of Midian …"  Yes, later he and the Israelites he led actually made cruel war on his wife's relatives, the Midianites, slaughtering, enslaving and presumably raping the prisoners of war.  (Moses the Lawgiver and so-called Prophet evidently did not foresee the First Geneva Convention of AD 1864!  This laid down international rules for how to humanely treat prisoners of war.) ENDS.]
       [INTERNET: The Internet in 2004 had a Lego presentation of the Massacre of the Midianites at : <www.thebricktestament.com/­the_wildernes­s/massacre_of_­the_midianite­s/nm31_01a.­html>. This has since disappeared. ENDS]
       At the end of every seven years, you must grant remission.  2 The nature of the remission is as follows: any creditor holding a personal pledge obtained from his fellow must release him from it; he must not exploit his fellow or his brother once the latter has appealed to Yahweh [the Lord] for remission; 3 A foreigner you may exploit … - Hebrew Torah, Deuteronomy 15:1-3 (NJB / Internet: Douay)
       Thus you shall not show pity: life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot. - Hebrew Torah, Deuteronomy 19:21 (NAS)
       • … the five kings … of Jerusalem, …Hebron, … Jarmuth, … Lachish … Eglon. … Joshua struck and killed them and had them hanged on five trees … - Joshua 10:23, 26, NJB
       • The same day Joshua captured Makkedah, putting it and its king to the sword; he delivered them over to the curse of destruction, with every living creature there … - Joshua 10:28, NJB
       [Similar treatment to Libnah, Lachish, Gezer, Eglon, Hebron, and Debir.  Read: Joshua 10:29-39.  Then read chapters 11 and 12, detailing more peoples "under the curse of destruction," ending in a list of 31 kings who, with their followers, had been destroyed.  Then re-read 10:42, saying that Joshua had won because Yahweh, God of Israel, had fought for Israel.]
       • And Jephthah made a vow to Yahweh, 'If you deliver the Ammonites into my grasp, 31 the first thing to come out of the doors of my house to meet me when I return … shall belong to Yahweh, and I shall sacrifice it as a burnt offering. […] 34 As Jephthah returned to his house at Mizpah, his daughter came out to meet him, dancing with tambourines. … 39 … and he treated her as the vow that he had uttered bound him. - Judges 11:30-31, 34, 39, NJB
       • Menahem then sacked Tappuah – killing all who were in it – … because it had not opened its gates to him; he sacked the town and disembowelled all the pregnant women. - 2 Kings 15:16, New Jerusalem Bible © 1985.  (Found by KJJM on 18 May 2007; in RC Douay Bible it is 4 Kings 15:16.)
       [QUESTION: Would this be a suitable scripture reading for meetings of the Right to Life organisation? ENDS.]
       • He exterminated the spurious priests whom the kings of Judah had appointed and who offered sacrifice on the high places, in the towns of Judah and the neighbourhood of Jerusalem; also those who offered sacrifice to Baal, to the sun, the moon, the constellations, and the whole array of heaven.  - 2 Kings 23:5, New Jerusalem Bible © 1985.  (Found by KJJM ~ 13 July 07; 4 Kings 23:5 in RC Douay Bible.)
       • He also smashed the sacred pillars, cut down the sacred poles, and covered with human bones the places where they had stood. - 2 Kings 23:14, New Jerusalem Bible © 1985.  (Found by KJJM ~ 13 July 07; 4 Kings 23:14 in Douay.)
       • And he slew all the priests of the high places that were there upon the altars, and burned men's bones upon them, and returned to Jerusalem. - 2 Kings 23:20, Authorised Version 1611 = King James (Found by John C. Massam on 20 July 07; 4 Kings 23:20 in Douay.)
       • And he [King David] brought out the people that were in it [town of Rabbah], and cut them with saws, and with harrows of iron, and with axes. - 1 Chronicles 20:3, Authorised Version 1611. (1 Paralipomenon 20:3 in Douay.)
       [COMMENT: Similar meanings are in these translations:  Douay 1609 (1 Paralipomena or Paralipomenon 20:3) ("cut and bruised to pieces"); Lazaro Ludoviko ZAMENHOF, La Sankta Biblio, La Malnova Testamento, 1927, Brita kaj Alilanda Biblia Societo, Londono, ("kaj mortigis per segiloj, feraj draŝiloj, kaj hakiloj." = "and killed with saws, iron flails, and axes"); and Knox 1949 ("till they lay cut to pieces or crushed").
       However, translations saying that David put them to work with such implements are in Revised Standard Version © 1952 and 1971, New International Version © 1973, 1978, 1984, Good News Bible © 1976, New World Translation © 1984, New Jerusalem Bible © 1985, and Contemporary English Version © 1991, 1995.
       This change (from being murdered to enslavement), presumably, is to harmonise with 2 Samuel 12:31. However, the actual Hebrew word in 1 Chronicles means "he sawed."  It is unlikely that the less murderous translations are correct, because the composers of such texts would not so carefuly list the implements with which enslaved prisoners were forced to work.  (Perhaps the prisoners of war were murdered with their own working implements - marauding herdsmen and raiders were unlikely to have such implements, and might perhaps have enjoyed the "joke" of killing people with the equipment they had used for making a living, or their favourite things.)  The traditional translations are the reference words to look up, as would be expected, in such books as Cruden's Concordance, Strong's Concordance, and Unger & White.
       After a few more attacks on the citizens of the land, the curious "sin" of ordering a census follows in chapter 21, and the lengths to which David had to go to stop a punishing pestilence.  Careful students will remember that a census had been held previously, and was acceptable.  This particular census was, it seems, wicked, while killing and enslaving people were not wicked, but merely obeying orders from on high! ENDS.]
       • 8  O daughter of Babylon, miserable : blessed shall he be who shall repay thee thy payment which thou hast paid us.
       9  Blessed be he that shall take and dash thy little ones against the rock. - Hebrew Scripture, Psalm 137:8-9 (136:8-9 in Douay-Rheims), Douay-Rheims 1609 translation.     (By courtesy of a member of the Wednesday Discussion Group, Wanneroo, Aug 15, 05)
     2. Babylonian Talmud.  Recited by Judaists for centuries, put into writing
    around 1st Century A.D.
       Soncino, THE BABYLONIAN TALMUD, 1935-36, editor Chief Rabbi Dr I. Epstein, The Soncino Press, London, England.  [[The Talmud commentary on the Hebrew Scriptures had been recited for centuries before the Common Era (that is, Before Christ or B.C.) in the Jerusalem and Babylonian rabbi academies of Judaism, and elswehere.  The general Judaist teaching is that the Babylonian Talmud overrides the Jerusalem Talmud and even the Torah, that is, the first five books of the Old Testament.  In spite of a prohibition against putting the "oral teachings" into writing, it is thought that the two Talmud versions were written down around the first century after Christ.]]
    WOMEN
       MISHNAH. NEITHER SHALL HE MULTIPLY WIVES TO HIMSELF – ONLY EIGHTEEN.  R. JUDAH SAID: HE MAY HAVE MORE, PROVIDED THEY DO NOT TURN AWAY HIS HEART.  R. SIMEON SAID: HE MUST NOT MARRY EVEN ONE WHO MAY TURN AWAY HIS HEART. …  (Book "Sanhedrin," 1935, 21a)  [[<www.come-and-hear.com/­sanhedrin/­sanhedrin_21.­html>]]
       A daughter is a vain treasure to her father. … happy is he whose children are males, and woe to him whose children are females.      (Book "Sanhedrin," 100b; page 681. Exh. 103, p 188)  [[<http://:­www.come-and-hear.com/­sanhedrin/­sanhedrin_100.­html>]]
       The question was asked:  Is it allowed to perform the first marital act on the Sabbath?      (Book "Kethuboth", 1936, 5b; page 18)
    ANOTHER TEACHER
       … On the eve of the Passover Yeshu was hanged.  For forty days before the execution took place, a herald went forth and cried, 'He is going forth to be stoned because he has practised sorcery and enticed Israel to apostasy. … But since nothing was brought forward in his favour he was hanged on the eve of the Passover! … Was he not a Mesith (enticer), concerning whom Scripture says, Neither shalt thou spare, neither shalt thou conceal him?      ("Sanhedrin," 43a; page 281)
    [[Part of footnote (2)]] … The uncensored edition continues: … He (Jesus) … went, put up a brick, and worshipped it. … ("Sanhedrin," 107b; page 736)
    CHILD CONNECTIONS
       Rab said: Pederasty with a child below nine years of age is not deemed as pederasty with a child above that, Samuel said: Pederasty with a child below three years is not treated as with a child above that. ("Sanhedrin," 54b; page 371)
       R. Joseph said: Come and hear!  A maiden aged three years and a day may be acquired in marriage by coition, and if her deceased husband's brother cohabits with her, she becomes his.  The penalty of adultery may be incurred through her. … If any of the forbidden degrees had intercourse with her, they are executed on her account, but she is exempt.      ("Sanhedrin," 55b; page 376; Exh 55, p 164)
       A maiden aged three years and a day may be acquired in marriage by coition, and if her deceased husband's brother cohabited with her, she becomes his.      ("Sanhedrin," 69a; page 469)
       All agree that the connection of a boy aged nine years and a day is a real connection; whilst that of one less than eight years is not; …      ("Sanhedrin," 69b; page 470)
       Raba said, We also learned a similar Baraitha:  A girl who is three years of age and one day may be betrothed by cohabitation; if a levir cohabitated with her, he has thereby acquired her; one incurs through her the guilt of intercourse with a married woman; … she defiles her cohabitor in respect of his imparting defilement to the lower, as well as to the upper couch; …     (Book "Yebamoth," 1936, 57b, page 386) [[AND compare with "Yebamoth," 60b, page 402]]
    TREATING NON-JEWS
       Has it not been taught: 'With respect to robbery – if one stole or robbed or [seized] a beautiful woman, or [committed] similar offences, if [these were perpetrated] by one Cuthean against another, [the theft, etc.] must not be kept, and likewise [the theft] of an Israelite by a Cuthean, but that of a Cuthean by an Israelite may be retained'? […] "For murder, whether of a Cuthean by a Cuthean, or of an Israelite by a Cuthean, punishment is incurred; but of a Cuthean by an Israelite, there is no death penalty'?      ("Sanhedrin," 57a; page 388) m
       R. Aḥa, the son of R. Ika answered: It applies to the withholding of a labourer's wage.  One Cuthean from another, or a Cuthean from an Israelite is forbidden, but an Israelite from a Cuthean is permitted.  ("Sanhedrin," 57a; page 389)
       A heathen who studies the Torah deserves death, for it is written, Moses commanded us a law for an inheritance; it is our inheritance, not theirs.
    [[From the footnotes on that page:]] R. Johanan … said that God's covenant with Israel was only for the sake of the Oral Law (Cf. Ex. Rab. 47.) [[i.e., the Talmud.]]  ("Sanhedrin," 59a; page 400)
       Rab Judah said in Rab's name: One who … returns a lost article to a Cuthean – concerning him Scripture saith, … The Lord will not spare him.      ("Sanhedrin," 76b; page 517)
       IF HE INTENDED KILLING AN ANIMAL, BUT SLEW A MAN, OR A HEATHEN AND HE SLEW AN ISRAELITE, OR A PREMATURELY BORN BUT HE SLEW A VIABLE CHILD, HE IS NOT LIABLE.  This implies, that if he intended killing one [Israelite] and killed another, he is liable.  [Thereupon] R. SIMEON SAID: EVEN IF HE INTENDED KILLING ONE BUT KILLED ANOTHER, HE IS NOT LIABLE.      ("Sanhedrin," 79a; page 530)
       When the serpent copulated with Eve, he infused her with lust.  The lust of the Israelites who stood at Mount Sinai, came to an end, the lust of the idolaters who did not stand at Mount Sinai did not come to an end.       (Book "Yebamoth," 1936, 103b; page 711)
       An Israelite woman should not suckle a child of a heathen, because she rears a child for idolatry; nor should a heathen woman [be allowed to] suckle a child of an Israelite woman, because she is liable to murder it.      (Book "Abodah Zara," 1935, 26a; page 130, Exh. 185, p 229)
    THEOLOGY, ETHICAL SYSTEM
       And he who desires that none of his vows made during the year shall be valid, let him stand at the beginning of the year and declare, 'Every vow which I may make in the future shall be null.  1 [HIS VOWS ARE THEN INVALID.] PROVIDING THAT HE REMEMBERS THIS AT THE TIME OF THE VOW.
    [[Footnote:]] (1) This may have provided a support for the custom of reciting Kol Nidre (a formula for dispensation of vows) prior to the Evening Service of the Day of Atonement (Ran.).  [[which is NOT the beginning of the Judaist year.]]  … The law of revocation in advance was not made public. (Book "Nedarim," 1936, 23b; page 68)
       "MISHNAH. THE BLASPHEMER IS PUNISHED ONLY IF HE UTTERS [THE DIVINE] NAME. 3
    (3) I.e., the Tetragrammaton. (Book "Sanhedrin," 55b; page 378. Exhibit 56, p 165)
       [[Definition: The Tetragrammaton is represented as YHWH, or in modern times as YHVH, that is yod, he, vav, he, or Hebrew reading right to left, י ה ו ה.  It is often shown in English as Yehovah / Jehovah / Yahweh.  Judaists from ancient times began reverencing this name by refusing to pronounce it, but using a substitute word, Adonai.]]     ‎
       Raba said: If one bound his neighbour and he died of starvation, he is not liable to execution.  Raba also said: If he bound him in the sun, and he died, or in a place of intense cold and he died, he is liable; but if the sun was yet to appear, or the cold to make itself felt, he is not.  Raba also said: If he bound him before a lion, he is not liable, …     ("Sanhedrin," 77a; page 520)
       MISHNAH. THERE IS GREATER STRINGENCY IN RESPECT TO THE TEACHINGS OF THE SCRIBES THAN IN RESPECT TO THE TORAH      ("Sanhedrin," 88b; page 587)
       … did not the Master say, 'All countries are [like] dough towards the Land of Israel, and the Land of Israel is [like] dough towards Babylon. … Rab Judah said: Whoever lives in Babylon is accounted as though he lived in the Land of Israel; …     ("Kethuboth," 1936, 111a; page 715)  [[<http://:­www.come-and-hear.com/­kethuboth/­kethuboth_111.­html>]]
    ADAM'S ALLEGED INTERCOURSE STATEMENT
       R. Eleazar further stated:  What is meant by the text, This is now bone of my bone and flesh of my flesh?  This teaches that Adam had intercourse with every beast and animal but found no satisfaction until he cohabited with Eve.      ("Yebamoth," 1936, 63a; page 420)
    FARM WORKER STATEMENT
       R. Eleazar further stated:  No occupation is inferior to that of agricultural labour; for it is said, And they shall come down.      ("Yebamoth," 63a; page 420)
    http://www.johnm.multiline.com.au/submit/subtexts.htm#talmud
    SOME TALMUD CROSS-REFERENCES
    WOMEN
       Neither shall he multiply wives to himself – only eighteen … [[A Hebrew king, Solomon, supposedly had 700 wives and 300 concubines (1 Kings 11:3 / 3 Kings 11:3).  Looking forward, in the 600s the Muslim Koran scripture at 33:50 (or 33:49) granted Mohammed a privilege of multiple wives, which grew to more than a dozen overall.]]
       A daughter is a vain treasure to her father. … "Sanhedrin," 100b; page 681. Exh. 103, p 188).  [[The anti-female Judaist teaching here can be traced back to the Hebrew scripture or earlier, forward into some texts in the Greek Christian Scriptures (New Testament) and further forward to Muslim Koran scripture, Hadith traditions, and Islamic rulings for centuries.]]
    CHILD CONNECTIONS
       Pederasty with a child below nine years of age … AND, A maiden aged three years and a day …  [[The "child" here means boy, and modern cases involving Jewish rabbis are being reported in the 2000s.  Read the Muslim Hadith tradition that Mohammed had sex with a girl, Aisha, when she was aged nine, at Sahih Bukhari's Vol. 5, Bk. 58, No. 236.  Certain Muslim Afghan warlords are practising boy-sex, according to a report from Allied soldiers.]]
    THEOLOGY, ETHICAL SYSTEM
       And he who desires that none of his vows made during the year shall be valid, … [[Is this Judaic teaching the predecessor text for the Muslim Koran's scripture at 66:2 that Allah had granted release from oaths?  And see the Muslim Hadith tradition at Bukhari's Hadith 7, 67:427?  What about "mental reservation" of some Roman Catholic circles.  Denied in other RC circles.]]

       BRACKETS: In the Soncino Babylonian Talmud there are round brackets "("and ")", plus square brackets "[" and "]" in the actual text.  These are reproduced here exactly as printed.  To understand why the translators used round brackets, please check the volumes at a good public library.  Regarding the square brackets, in much formal writing, these brackets are used when the PERSON COPYING a quotation or doing a translation ADDS other words, generally to make the meaning clearer.  In this INTERNET REPRINT, the square brackets are in the Soncino Talmud as printed, and sometimes indicate meanings traditionally understood by those well versed in Talmud studies.  But to show this Website's OWN WORDS added to this Talmud document, the Webmaster uses DOUBLE square brackets, "[[" and "]]".
       SUB-HEADINGS have been added by the Webmaster in BOLD ITALICS as a guide to those seeking knowledge of various subjects and themes.  (A volunteer to enlarge this "digest" would be welcome.) (Talmud texts typed on July 1, 2006, revised Feb 22, '07, enlarged 05 Jul '07; subheadings improved 27 Jul 2010.)
       Regarding VOWS REVOKED, that is, CANCELLED: See the above-quoted Book "Nedarim," 1936, 23b; page 68.  The Kol Nidre is sung in many synagogues.  Recited or sung, it is not invoked on the feast day indicated in the Babylonian Talmud.  (This reminds some students of the pardoning of sins in advance, for money, that Dr Martin Luther discovered was being practised in the Roman Catholic Church of his day, and which led him to issue a call for reform.  This call, resisted strongly by the R.C. Church leaders, resulted in the Protestant Reformation.)
       TALMUD ON THE INTERNET: For online reading of the Soncino Babylonian Talmud, ed. Rabbi Dr I. Epstein, 1934, click <www.­come-and-hear.com/­tcontents.­html>, cross-referenced to the Elizabeth Dilling book.  The start is at <www.­come-and-hear.com/­berakoth/­berakot­h_2.html­#chap­ter_i>
       To read Rodkinson's abridgement translation, visit: <www.sacred-texts.com/­jud/t01/t0109.­htm>.
       TO BUY: Soncino Hebrew-English Babylonian Talmud (30-Volume Set) by Isidore EPSTEIN (Editor); List Price: $850.00 at Amazon Books <www.amazon.com/­exec/obidos/­tg/detail/-/1871055504/­104-7426799-7269502?­v=glance>. (Sighted ~ 2004)
       PHOTOSTATTED PAGES of the Soncino Talmud are in: Elizabeth DILLING, The plot against Christianity, ? 1950s, publisher not named, ? United States of America.  The book title perhaps ought to have been "A Movement against Civil Society."
     3. Cabala / Kabbala.      To be obtained later.
    CHECK to add: <http://­debate.org.uk/­topics/­history­/quran.­htm#G6>,
    GET the next webpage after <http://­www.­masud.co.uk/­ISLAM/m­isc/als­hifa/pt­4ch1sec­1.htm>,
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    * Hadith = Hadith (or Hadeeth), the reports of Mohammad's sayings and deeds, include his ordering the death of a converted Judaist who returned to Judaism, stoning an adulterous woman to death and beating the man, felling the date palm trees of the Bani-An-Nadir people, etc., etc.
    * Islam Koran Texts = Islamic, i.e., Muslim, or Mohammedan, texts start here on this webpage.  More Koran texts.
    * Judaic Texts = Judaic/Israelite/Hebrew texts start here on this webpage.  More Judaic texts.
    * Kabbala/Cabala Judaic texts.
    * Shariah Law, the strict rigorous Islamic law, which Muslims teach must be imposed world-wide.
    * Talmud = Babylonian Talmud, the oral teachings of the Judaic doctors of the law which date back to centuries before the Christian era, and were supposedly not written down in full until the first century A.D. (The Jerusalem Talmud is a different recension to, and is not taken as being as authoritative as, the Babylonian Talmud.)

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